### -----------------------------------------------------------------------
### Autor: Paul Fink, et. al. (Stand: SoSe 2017)
### -----------------------------------------------------------------------


## ----numeric1------------------------------------------------------------
numvec <- c(2.54, 4.22, 2.99, 3.14, 3.44)
numvec

## ----char----------------------------------------------------------------
charvec <- c("Statistische", "Software")
charvec

## ----logical-------------------------------------------------------------
logicvec <- c(TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE)
logicvec

## ----vector-type---------------------------------------------------------
is.numeric(numvec)
is.character(numvec)

## ----structure-object----------------------------------------------------
str(charvec)

## ----automatic-type-conversion-------------------------------------------
TRUE + 2
c("Hallo", sqrt(3))
c(2, "Hallo", TRUE)

## ----forced-type-conversion----------------------------------------------
as.numeric(logicvec)
as.logical(c(0, pi))
as.character(c(1, 2, 4, TRUE))
as.numeric(charvec)

## ----seq1----------------------------------------------------------------
seq(from = 3, to = -2, by = -0.5)

## ----seq2----------------------------------------------------------------
2:4 # entspricht seq(from = 2, to = 4)
seq(from = 4, to = 2)

## ----seq3----------------------------------------------------------------
seq(to = 10, length = 10, by = 0.5)

## ----rep1----------------------------------------------------------------
rep(3.5, times = 10)
rep(1:4, times = 2)

## ----rep2----------------------------------------------------------------
rep(1:4, each = 2)
rep(1:4, each = 2, times = 3)

## ----factor--------------------------------------------------------------
x <- factor(c("Saft", "Saft", "Limonade", "Saft", "Wasser"),
            levels = c("Saft", "Wasser", "Limonade"))
x
levels(x)

## ----asfactor------------------------------------------------------------
x <- c("Apfel", "Birne", "Apfel", "Traube", "Traube", "Kiwi")
x <- as.factor(x)
x

## ----numericoperators-vector---------------------------------------------
x <- 1:4
y <- c(4,10,2,0)
x + y
x * y

## ----logicalops-vector---------------------------------------------------
x < y

## ----recycling1----------------------------------------------------------
x
x + c(1, 2) 

## ----recycling2----------------------------------------------------------
x + c(1, 2, 1, 2)

## ----recycling3----------------------------------------------------------
x + c(1, 2, 4) # x + c(1, 2, 4, 1)

## ----zugriff-positiv-----------------------------------------------------
x <- 1:10
x[1:3]
x[c(2, 4, 6)]

## ----zugriff-negativ-----------------------------------------------------
x[-(1:5)]

## ----zugriff-leer--------------------------------------------------------
x[]

## ----zugriff-logisch-----------------------------------------------------
x[(x > 5)]
x[((x %% 2) == 0)]

## ----zugriff-name--------------------------------------------------------
xn <- c(Wasser = 1, Saft = 2, Limonade = 3 )
names(xn)
xn["Saft"]